How does Karate framework work

What is Karate Framework and API test automation is done using Karate ?

Overview

Karate framework is the only framework that combines API, Web Automation, mock and performance testing using Gatling. It supports some level of RPA/RDA testing by integrating Sikuli with it’s scritps.

Stackoverflow links related with Karate framework

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59768331/like-selenium-grid-hub-node-is-there-any-option-to-run-karatedriver-on-grid

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58854004/karate-driver-synchronization-challeges

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58783547/karate-driver-connection-refused-error-while-using-driver-type-chrome-and-exec

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58634921/calling-karate-feature-files-based-on-soap-response-status-code-200-or-500

Karate framework can be build using gradle or maven. If you already know Cucumber framework it is easy to learn Karate framework. Karate uses feature files and Karate specific DSL supports both API and Web automation. Karate’s Java runner file can call the feature file having Karate DSL to perform API transactions like GET, POST, PUT and DELETE.

Karate version 0.9.5 released in 2020 has the following features,

Debug from Visual Source code IDE
Hot reload, step over / into / out / back

In 2019, Karate started web automation. Karate 0.9.5 feature will make Karate as complete test automation framework supporting both API and Web automation. Also another point to be noted is Karate’s integration with Sikulix for Desktop automation, integration with Gatling for performance testing and Mocking support for API testing.

January 26, 2020May 17, 2020

Selenium Tutorial

Selenium and Jenkins

Selenium features as below

Selenium supports Cross Browser Testing. The Selenium tests can be run on multiple browsers and multiple machines and multiple Operating systems.

Supports several scripting languages like Java, Python, C#, and PHP.

Selenium uses Browser native commands. It locates and actions applied on UI elements,

Reporting are very easy and extensible.

TestNG quick summary:

TestNG’s is Selenium + reporting features. It is easy to generate reports using Listeners and Reporters in TestNG

Features of TestNG includes the following,

1) Annotations – please refer my annotation blog Annotation – TestNG’s test case priority

2) Supports parameterization/ data driven testing

3) Test cases can be grouped and parallel testing is allowed.

Automaton testing using Cucumber – Behavior driven development (BDD)

Application behavior is the main focus on BDD. The requirements are written in English which gives more readability and understandability of the requirement.

So any roles in the company (Tester, developer, end user, and techno functional person) can read it and understand it. Also this will reduce the complication in terms of missing requirement or misrepresenting or misunderstanding requirements between different roles (Developer /tester / end user)

Gherkin is a business readable language – refer below for an example. Below feature file is integrated with Selenium and are having user stories as below.

Please refer below – “feature, Scenario, Given, When, And, Then “are the Keywords below to understand on how to write a feature file.

Selenium jenkins integration steps are as below:

Jenkin related steps:
1) start jenkins by running command in DOS prompt (detailed steps in here )
2) then make sure you are able to access url : localhost:8080
3) then you need to configure jenkins to run the selenium scripts – for that click on “Manage Jenkins”
4) then click on Configure systems
5) Find out the jdk files are installed (usually in C:\ program files … folder path) and copy paste the path in JDK section “JDK Installations” in ” Configure systems” which you are already in.
6) Give JDK name “JAVA_HOME” and provide Java path below in the next field.Selenium related steps:
3) Open eclipse IDE and start new Java project
4) make sure you added selenium jars (Selenium server standalone jar file which you can download add to new project) to support selenium framework for your automation testing.
5) then create a simple selenium script – make sure it is running and completing successfully in Eclipse.
6) Also create a xml file give a name “Xml1.xml” Make sure Run “Xml1.xml” as “TestNG Suite” is working fine in Eclipse. Also notedown the xml file path in selenium project. create a lib folder in that and add all jar files which are required.Commmand prompt:
7) navigate to that project folder in command prompt and set all required classpath like bin and lib etc which are already in xml file folder in selenium project which you got from selenium project in eclipse.
8) then type command “Java org.testng.testNG Xml1.xml” which will display results in command prompt/DOS screen
9) now create a batch file “Batch1.bat” which contains the above command and also a command for compiling as e.g “java -cp bin;lib/* org.testng.testNG Xml1.xml”Jenkins setup to build and run the file:
10) in Jenkins, create a “new item” with selection of “Freestyle project”
11) then select “Advance options” and put the Selenium project home directory path in there.
12) the build trigger section, select Batch file execution option in there, then put the batch file name “Batch1.bat”
13) click and save the new item
14) click on “Build Now” and verify the “Console output”

How to configure Hub & Node machines for selenium parallel test execution

Configuring Hub machine

1) Start the command prompt/DOS prompt

2) Navigate to the folder location where the Selenium server jar file is kept.

3) Type java –jar selenium-server-standalone-[VERSION].jar –role hub

Note: [VERSION] is the one your downloaded version of selenium-server-standalone Jar file.

Your will see the below screen

4) Now type: http://localhost:4444 in browser

Your will see the below screen

5) Now type: http://localhost:4444/console in browser

You will see the below screen

Configuring Node machines

Follow the same steps 1 to 2 in node machines

Then type,

Java –jar selenium-server-standalone-[VERSION].jar –role node –hub http://yourHUBmachineIP:4444/grid/register

What is TestRunner in Cucumber

In order to link Cucumber with Selenium WebDriver, you need to start a Java project in eclipse IDE.

Then, add both Cucumber and Selenium jar files

Write test runner code and execute the same . Please refer BDD testing details on Selenium Cucumber

May 13, 2018May 17, 2020

QA Automation Interview questions

Differentiate final , finally, finalize (Short Ans: final method can’t be overridden, final variable can’t be changed, finally goes with try/catch, finalize is garbage collector)
how to handle exceptions in java (Ans: try catch, throws, etc)
how to use parameters in cucumber/testNG (Ans: scenario outline,tidy gherkin plugin, vs testng.xml-suite,test,class,method;)
compare TestNG and Cucumber BDD (Ans: testng.xml, POM,vs feature file,Junit testrunner,stepDefention, POM)
how to validate flatfiles , db using Java (Ans: input filestream, driver class connection, server name, instance , authentication, sql statement)
how to skip method/test in TestNG, Cucumber BDD (Ans: testng.xml, annotation, cucumber tags on testrunner)
differentiate encapsulation , abstraction
what are interface and explain the methods – webdriver interface, driver object reference, FF/IEdriver class (Since interface can not be instantiated)
write programs – sort array, print number in reverse, print string reverse, etc
how does SSL works , public key-private key, session encryption etc
method overridden vs method overloading (super class methods are overridden by child class when both has same methods, overload – one class has multiple methods with same method name but different parameters)
Selenium automation challenges (ajax – webdriver wait methods, frames switch, alert.accept, multiple windows handlers, pdf in webpage, alert vs modal confuse, dynamic id,name-use xpath contains, etc)
handle dropdown – select class
feature file extension
bufferbuilder usage
what is background, scenarios outline, before/afterhooks vs tags,
usage of autoit, robotclass, javascript executor,
Jenkins schedule batch, report generation,
grid setup, hub and node, run on dos prompt, or use JSON file to configure nodes and run JSON on commandline..then connect in Jenkins
how to manage Git versions between two teams
What is data structure and use of it test automation

March 20, 2018May 17, 2020

Protected: My Scribbling Notes

December 2, 2017May 17, 2020

Cucumber Scenario data table and Scenario Outline data table

What is TestRunner in Cucumber?
Cucumber – Behavior driven development (BDD)

Cucumber Scenario data table and Scenario Outline data table

1.Cucumber Scenario data table

Sample feature file contents as below:

Feature: Login and Logout Action

Scenario: Successful Login with Valid Credentials

Given User is on Application Home Page

When User Navigates to Application LogIn Page

And User enters UserName and Password and click submit button

|UserName|Pwd |

|abc | 123 |

Then Message displayed as Login Successfully

Corresponding Selenium script contents as below:

@When(“^User enters UserName and Password and click submit button$”)

public void user_enters_UserName_and_Password_and_click_submit_button(DataTable table) throws Throwable {

// Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions

List<List<String>> data = table.raw();

driver.findElement(By.id(“IDTokenA1”)).sendKeys(data.get(1).get(0));

driver.findElement(By.id(“IDTokenB1”)).sendKeys(data.get(1).get(1));

driver.findElement(By.name(“Login.Submit”)).click();

// throw new PendingException();

}

2.Cucumber Scenario Outline data table

Sample feature file contents as below:

Scenario Outline: Login functionality for a website.

Given User navigates to Login page

When user enters Username as “<username>” and Password as “<password>”

Then login should be unsuccessful

Examples:

| username | password |

| ABC | 123 |

Corresponding Selenium script contents as below:

@When(“^user enters Username as \“([^\”]*)\” and Password as \”([^\”]*)\”$”)

public void user_enters_Username_as_and_Password_as(String arg1, String arg2) {

driver.findElement(By.id(“IDTokenA1“)).sendKeys(arg1);

driver.findElement(By.id(“IDTokenB1“)).sendKeys(arg2);

driver.findElement(By.id(“Login.Submit“)).click();

}

3.TestRunner sample code

package cucumberTestRunnerTest;

* cucumberTestRunner sample code below

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber;

import cucumber.api.CucumberOptions;

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)

@CucumberOptions(~~format~~={“pretty”}

,features = “Feature” // refer the above feature file sample

,glue={“stepDefinition”} // note: need to create a package stepDefinition and create a regression scriptclass

,dryRun = false)

public class TestRunnerTest {

}

Note: JUnit runner uses the JUnitframework to run Cucumber using annotation – you could see in the above code that single empty class with annotation.

4.Maven pom.xml file sample needs the following dependencies if you want to use Maven for build automation.

<groupId>junit</groupId>

<artifactId>junit</artifactId>

</dependency>

<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>

<artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>

</dependency>

<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>

<artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>

</dependency>

<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>

<artifactId>cucumber-testng</artifactId>

</dependency>

</dependencies>

5.If you do not want to use Maven for build automation, you can attach the following jars to your project Java Build path.

cucumber-java

cucumber-core

cucumber-junit

cucumber-jvm-deps

cucumber-reporting

gherkin

junit

mockito-all

cobertura

6.Regression test case script will be like this (refer the Test runner sample code point #3 above)

package stepDefinition;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

importorg.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import cucumber.api.DataTable;

import cucumber.api.PendingException;

import cucumber.api.java.en.Given;

import cucumber.api.java.en.Then;

import cucumber.api.java.en.When;

public class RegressionTest { // refer the Test runner sample code point #3 to see how the this code is mapped

WebDriver driver;

// run TestRunner.java file and get the out put from Console and copy/paste below:

@Given(“^User is on Application Login Page$”)

public void user_is_on_Application_Home_Page() throws Throwable {

// Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions

driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

//throw new PendingException();

}

7. If you do not want to use the DataTable from feature file, always you can pull the data from XLS file using the logic below.

package yourpagename;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

importjava.util.List;

importjava.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

importorg.openqa.selenium.By;

importorg.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

importorg.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;

importorg.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;

importorg.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

importorg.testng.annotations.AfterClass;

importorg.testng.annotations.AfterTest;

importorg.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import Package.AnyotherClass; // if needed

public class AnyotherClassPage extends InitialClass

{

//WebDriver driver;

AnyotherClass ObjectName;

@Test(priority = 1)

public void Excel() throws Exception

{

ObjectName = new AnyotherClass (driver);

ObjectName.objectclick();

System.out.println(“Started executing Test Cases”);

// load excel file

File filePath = new File(“C:\\xxxxx\\ExcelFileName.xls”);

FileInputStream FS = new FileInputStream(filePath);

HSSFWorkbook WB = new HSSFWorkbook(FS);

HSSFSheet sheet = WB.getSheetAt(0);

int rowcount = sheet.getLastRowNum() – sheet.getFirstRowNum();

int colcount = sheet.getRow(0).getLastCellNum();

int a =0 ;

System.out.println(“Number of rows” + rowcount);

System.out.println(“Number of columns” +colcount);

for(int b=1;b<rowcount;b++)

{

HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(b);

//for(int j=0;j<colcount;j++)

//{

//HSSFCell cell = row.getCell(j);

String excelCell1 = row.getCell(a).getStringCellValue();

String excelCell2 = row.getCell(a+1).getStringCellValue();

System.out.println(“XLS Values are — “ + excelCell1 + “—“ + excelCell2);

//}

ObjectName.NewMethod1(excelCell1);

ObjectName.NewMethod2(excelCell2); // code continues … …

What is TestRunner in Cucumber

TestRunner is a program used in Cucumber to access Feature file as copied in the picture below.

Feature file is something that has user requirement scenarios written in English which gives more readability and understandability of the requirement which is called Gherkin language.

So any roles in the company like Tester, developer, end user, and techno functional person can read it and understand it. Also this will reduce the complication in terms of missing requirement or misrepresenting or misunderstanding requirements between different roles like Developer , tester, and end user,

In order to link Cucumber with Selenium WebDriver, you need to start a Java project in eclipse IDE.

Then, add both Cucumber and Selenium jar files

Write test runner code and execute the same . Please refer BDD testing details on Selenium Cucumber

Sample Test runner code:

Testrunner

**Automaton testing using Cucumber – Behavior driven development (BDD)**

Application behavior is the main focus on BDD. The requirements are written in English which gives more readability and understandability of the requirement.

So any roles in the company like Tester, developer, end user, and techno functional person can read it and understand it. Also this will reduce the complication in terms of missing requirement or misrepresenting or misunderstanding requirements between different roles like Developer , tester , end user etc.

Gherkin is a business readable language, refer below for an example. Below feature file is integrated with Selenium and are having user stories as below.

Please refer below – “feature, Scenario, Given, When, And, Then “are the Keywords below to understand on how to write a feature file…

**What is Feature file in Cucumber test and how to create a feature file.**

Feature file is a part of Cucumber framework and it contains descriptions in English language.

Follow below path to create a feature file

create feature file

**One sample transaction as below:**

**One sample transaction example as below:**

sample feature file transaction

November 30, 2017May 17, 2020

Summary about Jenkins, Selenium and QTP automation frameworks

How to run Jenkins locally

1) go to https://jenkins.io and download Jenkins.war file
2) place the war file in a folder (e.g. C:\Jenkins\Jenkins.war )
3) then open command prompt (windows start menu > run > cmd will open command prompt )
4) in command prompt, go to folder C:\Jenkins\ ( command : “CD C:\Jenkins\” ) and then run command ” java -jar Jenkins.war ”
5) this will exract a folder name “.jenkins” into your user folder ( the path is usually “C:\users\”your login”\.jenkins”
6) copy “.jenkins” folder and paste to folder C:\Jenkins\, so that you have “C:\Jenkins\.jenkins” as the folder path.
7) Now you setup a Enviroment variable (to set up that go to Control panel > system > Advanced System settings )
8) then add Enviroment variable as “JENKINS_HOME” and value as “C:\Jenkins\.jenkins”

You all set to run Jenkins on your machine!

Open a browser and type “localhost:8080” to see Jenkins session.

Selenium features

Selenium supports Cross Browser Testing and parallel testing. The Selenium tests can be run on multiple browsers and multiple machines and multiple Operating systems. Selenium offers open source tools and supports test automation for web applications

Supports several scripting languages like Java, Python, C#, and PHP

Reporting are very easy and extensible, Selenium uses Browser native commands. It locates and actions applied on UI elements

TestNG quick summary:

TestNG’s is Selenium + reporting features. It is easy to generate reports using Listeners and Reporters in TestNG

Features of TestNG includes the following,

1) Annotations – please refer my annotation blog Annotation – TestNG’s test case priority

2) Supports parameterization/ data driven testing

3) Test cases can be grouped and parallel testing is allowed.

Automaton testing using Cucumber – Behavior driven development (BDD)

Application behavior is the main focus on BDD. The requirements are written in English which gives more readability and understandability of the requirement.

Gherkin is a business readable language – refer below for an example. Below feature file is integrated with Selenium and are having user stories as below.

Please refer below – “feature, Scenario, Given, When, And, Then “are the Keywords below to understand on how to write a feature file.

What is TestRunner in Cucumber

In order to link Cucumber with Selenium WebDriver, you need to start a Java project in eclipse IDE.

Then, add both Cucumber and Selenium jar files

Write test runner code and execute the same . Please refer BDD testing details on Selenium Cucumber

Selenium jenkins integration steps are as below:

Selenium related steps:
3) Open eclipse IDE and start new Java project
4) make sure you added selenium jars (Selenium server standalone jar file which you can download add to new project) to support selenium framework for your automation testing.
5) then create a simple selenium script – make sure it is running and completing successfully in Eclipse.
6) Also create a xml file give a name “Xml1.xml” Make sure Run “Xml1.xml” as “TestNG Suite” is working fine in Eclipse. Also notedown the xml file path in selenium project. create a lib folder in that and add all jar files which are required.

Commmand prompt:
7) navigate to that project folder in command prompt and set all required classpath like bin and lib etc which are already in xml file folder in selenium project which you got from selenium project in eclipse.
8) then type command “Java org.testng.testNG Xml1.xml” which will display results in command prompt/DOS screen
9) now create a batch file “Batch1.bat” which contains the above command and also a command for compiling as e.g “java -cp bin;lib/* org.testng.testNG Xml1.xml”

Jenkins setup to build and run the file:
10) in Jenkins, create a “new item” with selection of “Freestyle project”
11) then select “Advance options” and put the Selenium project home directory path in there.
12) the build trigger section, select Batch file execution option in there, then put the batch file name “Batch1.bat”
13) click and save the new item
14) click on “Build Now” and verify the “Console output”

How to configure Hub & Node machines for selenium parallel test execution

Configuring Hub machine

1) Start the command prompt/DOS prompt

2) Navigate to the folder location where the Selenium server jar file is kept.

3) Type java –jar selenium-server-standalone-[VERSION].jar –role hub

Note: [VERSION] is the one your downloaded version of selenium-server-standalone Jar file.

Selenium Hub

4) Now type: http://localhost:4444 in browser

Your will see the below screen

5) Now type: http://localhost:4444/console in browser

Configuring Node machines

Follow the same steps 1 to 2 in node machines

Then type,

Java –jar selenium-server-standalone-[VERSION].jar –role node –hub http://yourHUBmachineIP:4444/grid/register

How to run selenium tests in Jenkins

Jenkins configuration:

To run selenium scripts in Jenkins, Jenkins needs to started.

To make Jenkins server start, please use the following command in the Jenkins folder of your machine when Jenkins.warfile is downloaded from internet…

“java -jar jenkins.war” in DOS / command prompt mode.
Then you need to bring the browser up and type “localhost:8080” to see jenkins web UI ready.
Then navigate to Jenkins >> Manage Jenkins and click on “Configure system”
Then scroll down to see the “JDK installations” section in the pag
There you enter “JAVA_HOME” for “JDK name” field.
Provide the Java-JDK file folder path for “JAVA_HOME” field.

Note: Java-JDK file folder path is usually “C:\Program files\Java\JDK….”

Note: Disable “Install Automatically” check box else it will update with new Java versions and your selenium program might get conflicts

Selenium script development:

create a package and class in Eclipse
and then create a small test script – like print some message based on UI or Browser title name etc
you could create a TestNG project
Then TestNG.xml file will be created in Eclipse

Note: to get the XML folder path in project home directory, you could go to Eclipse project and right click to see properties.

Note: you also need to put all the jar files required for selenium testing under the lib folder(you may need to create”lib” folder)

Just to test your TestNG scripts are working, you can navigate to Project home directly (XML located) through DOS/Command prompt and then type as below:

Note: before that you need to set class path as bin directory of Project home folder. Command : “set classpath=C:\Selenium\project\bin;” as an example for binary file

Note1: similarly lib files, Command : “set classpath=C:\Selenium\project\lib\*” as an example

or command: set classpath=C:\Selenium\project\bin;C:\Selenium\project\lib\*;

Then execute testng.xml file through command prompt

command : java org.testng.TestNG testng.xml

Batch file creation for Jenkin execution

Create a batch file using notepad – steps

Type the below contents in Notepad without quotes.

‘ java -cp bi;lib/* org.testng.TestNG testng.xml ‘

2) save the notepad as “runSelenium.bat” which will create a bat file. Place it in project home directory.

Jenkins job creation:

Open Jenkins, then click on “New item”
Enter item name as “JenkinSeleniumTest”
Select “Freestyle project” , click Ok
Then click on “Advance” button under the “Advance projects options”
Then select “Use custom workspace”, then give the project home directory path in “Directory” field.
Then “Add build setup” under “Build” and select “Execute Windows batch Command”
Then type “runSelenium.bat” in the command field, click apply and save it.
Then in the “JenkinSeleniumTest”, then click on “Build Now” which will call the batch file and then Selenium script internally.
Verify the “Console output” in “JenkinSeleniumTest” which will show the Selenium execution results.

How to send email at every build with Jenkins

Jenkins default configuration setting allows to send email notification for build failure, someone breaks the build etc.

To send email for every build Install Email-ext plugin.
Once it is installed, click on Configure System
Then in “Jenkins Location” section & “Extended E-mail Notification” – enter your email ids
In “E-mail Notification” section, enter the SMTP server name to “SMTP server”
Click “Advanced”, Click “Use SMTP Authentication” to enter required information
verify “Test configuration by sending test e-mail”
Configure a project to send email at every build
Click “Add post-build action” and then Click “Editable Email Notification”
Go to “Advanced Settings” to “Add Trigger”
then Click “Always” , Save

Qtp script to close all open browsers ..

Call CloseAllBrowsers_ExcludingALM()

Function CloseAllBrowsers_ExcludingALM()
‘To ceclare Variables
Dim objDes, objList, objIndex

‘To Create Object Description for all opened browsers opened.
Set objDes=Description.Create
objDes.Add “micClass”,”Browser”

‘To get all the opened browsers objects from Desktop
Set ObjList=Desktop.ChildObjects(objDes)

‘Indexing always starts from “0”
For objIndex=0 to objList.count-1
‘To cverify the name of the browser is “HP Application Lifecycle Management”
If lcase(objList(objIndex).GetROproperty(“name”))<>”HP Application Lifecycle Management” then
‘Close the Browser
objList(objIndex).close
Exit For
End If
Next

Jenkins reset user password :

First stop the Jenkins service if you are already running jenkins

Go to the folder where jenkin’s config.xml file is stored (generally C:\jenkins\.jenkins\config.xml)

Open config.xml file using notepad++ or any text editor

Search for <useSecurity>true</useSecurity> and change that to <useSecurity>false</useSecurity>, Save the file.

re-start Jenkins service (using Java -jar jenkins.war in commandline)

You should not be seeing login prompt but directly accessing Jenkins home page when you type localhost:8080 in browser.

QTP integration with Jenkins

Create a “.vbs” file as below and save the file as “AOM.vbs” in C:\QTP\VBS folder.
In Jenkins create Job, Select ‘Execute Windows Batch Command’ in Build Step. Enter below command.
and then use that in Jenkins.
Note: To learn how to create a Jenkins job or how to start Jenkins – please refer create a Jenkins job and Run Jenkins locally in my site.
Below code is the “AOM.vbs” which is called by Jenkins Job.
Call QTP()
Public function QTP()
‘Create Quick test pro(QTP/UFT) object
Set objQTP = CreateObject(“QuickTest.Application”)
objQTP.Launch
objQTP.Visible = True
‘to open QTP Test
objQTP.Open “Test file path “, True
Set objResults= CreateObject(“QuickTest.RunResultsOptions”)
objResults.ResultsLocation = “Result path of qtp” ‘Set the results location
‘to run qtp script results
objQTP.Test.Run objResults
‘to close QTP
objQTP.Test.Close
objQTP.Quit
End function

November 29, 2017March 13, 2020

Successful test automation

Successful test automation approach – simplest way to build cost effective automation frameworks which can give better ROI.

To maximize automation benefits in terms of best output and cost effectiveness is by implementing best matching framework based on your product line.

When an organization plans for cost effective automation frameworks, they can always consider 2 types of frameworks to start having maximized results with less effort and cost. Basically optimizing your efforts and get better ROI relatively in less time.

User acceptance testing – Find out a Behavioral driven development (BDD) framework – either cucumber selenium or Robot Framework. I will explain about Cucumber Selenium framework in this article and will explain the reason for including one BDD Framework for your automation. With the help of Business team, identify the most critical applications and most critical functionalities. Once you have BDD framework is ready, you can make sure it is running every day and sending our reports using Jenkins integration. Which will make your automation is ready to Join the DevOps culture. As most of the companies like google, amazon etc have already adopted DevOps while ago.

Regression testing – You can follow any regular automation approach and adopting DevOps, continuous testing, monitoring and reporting. You can opt data driven or keyword or hybrid based on your expertise and application type.

Let me give an example when you consider the type 1 which is BDD for acceptance testing.

The very reason for BDD is that it can utilize business user’s collaboration in automation. This is the easiest way to get business team’s association on your automation efforts.

In my opinion, when you compare within different BDDs, cucumber has upper edge as opposed to Robot Framework as simplicity in it that will help business user involve easily.

As an e.g. cucumber frameworks need feature file and typical feature file example will have user scenarios as below,

Feature: Login Action

Scenario: User successfully Login to application with valid user id and password

Given User is on application login prompt page

When User enters User name and password

Then Message displayed as Login is successful

Scenario Outline: data parameter test

When User navigates to application search screen

Then user input “<InputInfo>” as “InputVal”

Examples:

| InputInfo |

| ABC1 |

| ABC2 |

In the above example you can see that a business user can simply follow the format for above 2 test cases which is written in feature file.

1) Scenario

2) Scenario Outline:

Later automation architect or engineer can develop test runner file and convert this as automation test scripts. Please refer link for more details about cucumber framework.

Benefits

User collaboration
Due to user collaboration, we can make sure all the critical application are automated
Due to user collaboration, we can make sure all the critical features in every important applications are automated
Due to Jenkins integration, you can make sure test can be scheduled for every day run, to make application as robust in terms of quality.

March 4, 2017May 17, 2020

Software testing tutorial

Apache Jmeter key topics for basic level users

Jmeter is an open source performance testing tool. Popularity is increasing on this tool now a days as reports can be extended and customized by doing little more programming on it.

Installation steps:

Download JMeter from (http://jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi ) è by clicking the on the “apache-jmeter-2.13_src.zip md5 pgp” link (Binaries or Source)
Extract the contents to a folder from ZIP file.
Open the DOS command prompt (Flow: click on Start menu, Type cmd).
In DOS screen – Navigate to the <JmeterHome>\bin directory.

Note : for Jmeter components or terminologies refer components

install-4

Type Jmeter.bat in the above mentioned command prompt. That will bring the Jmeter application ready for performance testing.

install-5

Or click on Jmeter.bat file listed in <JmeterHome>\bin should bring the application.

install-6

Creating a Performance test scenario

Thread Group: Thread group is the number of virtual users performing the transaction on application under test.

How to add Thread group?

Right click on the TestPlan
Select Add>Thread Group from the popup.

How we design the user transactions or thread group?

As per below screenshot –

1) The requirement shows that number of threads or user actions needed as 60

2) Ram up time is given as 180 sec

3) This indicates that a delay of 3 sec between transactions are applied.

This will ensure that the 60^th thread or user will be starting the action at 180^th sec.

Here this example is selected based on user requirement or to verify performance metrics.

thread-group-values

How to create Jmeter scripts?

There are two ways

1) Manually adding scripts ( Test plan >> Tread Group >> Add>> Sampler >> HTTP Request )

2) Recording using Jmeter’s HTTP(S) Test Script recorder

How to manually add Jmeter scripts

1 Follow the path : Test plan >> Tread Group >> Add>> Sampler >> HTTP Request as copied in the below screenshot

script-manual-add

Below the fields needs to be filled when you write a code,

1) Name: you can give any logical name based on application (e.g Login, Home page etc)

2) Server Name or IP : it’s nothing but the IP of your server or the url name (www.your test site.com or “your test site.com” as example or if you know the IP, provide the IP)

3) Path : is “/sso/auth” in this example screenshot below as the remaining contents in the url after “.com” – if your original site is www.your test site.com/sso/auth

4) Make sure the Method è POST and protocol can be HTTP or HTTPS – which ever protocol is used.

How to record Jmeter scripts

Prior doing that we need to configure browser and learn about the Proxy setup

Jmeter to Application server communication need to be routed through a browser Proxy for this recording purpose. For that you may need to select the Browser (here we can use Firefox browser”

1) Navigate to Firefox >> Tools >> options >> Advanced >> Network >> Settings

2) Select Manual Proxy configuration >> HTTP Proxy = localhost & Port = 8080

ff-settings

3) Once this configuration is made – create Recording controller

Path ==> Test plan >> Tread Group >> Add>> Logic Controller >> Recording controller

recording-controller

Recording controller will look like as below:

recording-controller-1

4) Now add the HTTP(S) Test Script recorder

script-recorder

HTTP(S) Test Script recorder will look like as below:

script-recorder-1

Also make sure the URL patterns to be included. I need only .html so added as below,

script-recorder-1

5) Now click on Start button and type on the Firefox browser with input url name and subsequent actions that you want to consider for performance test recording.

start

Jmeter tutorial on Jmeter components, terminologies etc

1. Thread group – refers the virtual users count applied while performance testing using Jmeter.

How we design the user transactions or thread group?

1) The requirement is given that 60 user transactions needs to be made. And requested for 3 sec interval between transactions

2) Then Ram up time should be set 180 sec. This will fulfill the requirement of 3 sec delay between transactions

3) This will also ensure that the 60th thread or user will be starting the action at 180th sec. ( i.e Ramp up time / number of users – will give you the time interval for each uses to kick off. Total ramp up time will be the total time to start all transactions including the 60^th one. Based on the transaction scenario length probably first set of 1 to 50^th ones may be finished by this time) – similar articles on Jmeter , script Recording

2. Samplers

Samplers are transaction makers which will let you send transactions.

For e.g HTTP Request sampler is used, it will send HTTP/HTTPS request to the web server. This requests can be manually added or recorded using HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder.

Web embedded resources like CSS, images, java applets, scripts, background images are retrieved by HTTP requests.

similar article on Jmeter

3. Test plan

Test plan is the container of all the performance test scenarios and components of the particular test in Jmeter. Test plan consists of Thread group , temporary work bench, Samplers, etc.

How to create Jmeter scripts?

Recording Jmeter scripts using Jmeter’s HTTP(S) Test Script recorder. There are two ways

1) Manually adding scripts ( Test plan >> Tread Group >> Add>> Sampler >> HTTP Request )

2) Recording using Jmeter’s HTTP(S) Test Script recorder

How to record Jmeter scripts using HTTP(S) Test Script recorder

Prior doing that we need to configure browser and learn about the Proxy setup

Jmeter to Application server communication need to be routed through a browser Proxy for this recording purpose. For that you may need to select the Browser (here we can use Firefox browser”

1) Navigate to Firefox >> Tools >> options >> Advanced >> Network >> Settings

2) Select Manual Proxy configuration >> HTTP Proxy = localhost & Port = 8080

ff-settings

3) Once this configuration is made – create Recording controller

Path ==> Test plan >> Tread Group >> Add>> Logic Controller >> Recording controller

recording-controller

Recording controller will look like as below:

recording-controller-1

4) Now add the HTTP(S) Test Script recorder

script-recorder

HTTP(S) Test Script recorder will look like as below:

script-recorder-1

Also make sure the URL patterns to be included. I need only .html so added as below,

script-recorder-1

5) Now click on Start button and type on the Firefox browser with input url name and subsequent actions that you want to consider for performance test recording.

start

Jmeter scripts Adding scripts manually

Apache JMeter is a Java based performance testing tool works well on web communication layer (HTTP).

How to create Jmeter scripts?

There are two ways

1) Manually adding scripts ( Test plan >> Tread Group >> Add>> Sampler >> HTTP Request )

2) Recording using Jmeter’s HTTP(S) Test Script recorder

How to manually add Jmeter scripts

1 Follow the path : Test plan >> Tread Group >> Add>> Sampler >> HTTP Request as copied in the below screenshot

script-manual-add

Below the fields needs to be filled when you write a code,

1) Name: you can give any logical name based on application (e.g Login, Home page etc)

2) Server Name or IP : it’s nothing but the IP of your server or the url name (www.your test site.com or “your test site.com” as example or if you know the IP, provide the IP)

3) Path : is “/sso/auth” in this example screenshot below as the remaining contents in the url after “.com” – if your original site is www.your test site.com/sso/auth

4) Make sure the Method è POST and protocol can be HTTP or HTTPS – which ever protocol is used.

Jmeter Performance test scenario – Creating a Jmeter Performance test scenario

Thread Group: Thread group is the number of virtual users performing the transaction on application under test.

How to add Thread group?

Right click on the TestPlan
Select Add>Thread Group from the popup.

How we design the user transactions or thread group?

As per below screenshot –

1) The requirement shows that number of threads or user actions needed as 60

2) Ram up time is given as 180 sec

3) This indicates that a delay of 3 sec between transactions are applied.

This will ensure that the 60^th thread or user will be starting the action at 180^th sec.

Here this example is selected based on user requirement or to verify performance metrics.

thread-group-values

Jmeter Installation steps

Download JMeter from (http://jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi ) è by clicking the on the “apache-jmeter-2.13_src.zip md5 pgp” link (Binaries or Source)
Extract the contents to a folder from ZIP file.
Open the DOS command prompt (Flow: click on Start menu, Type cmd).
In DOS screen – Navigate to the <JmeterHome>\bin directory.

install-4

Type Jmeter.bat in the above mentioned command prompt. That will bring the Jmeter application ready for performance testing.

install-5

Or click on Jmeter.bat file listed in <JmeterHome>\bin should bring the application.

install-6

Apache JMeter features and uses:

Apache JMeter is a performance tool developed in Java.

Supports both load and performance tests,
Supports different applications/server/protocol types,
Web – HTTP, HTTPS – i.e application made in Java, NodeJS, PHP, ASP.NET etc
SOAP / REST Webservices, FTP , LDAP & TCP etc.

Additionally it supports Database via JDBC, Message-oriented middleware via JMS, Mail – SMTP(S), POP3(S) and IMAP(S), also Native commands or shell scripts & Java Objects

Automaton testing using Cucumber – Behavior driven development (BDD)
Application behavior is the main focus on BDD. The requirements are written in English which gives more readability and understandability of the requirement.
So any roles in the company like Tester, developer, end user, and techno functional person can read it and understand it. Also this will reduce the complication in terms of missing requirement or misrepresenting or misunderstanding requirements between different roles like Developer , tester , end user etc.
Gherkin is a business readable language, refer below for an example. Below feature file is integrated with Selenium and are having user stories as below.
Please refer below – “feature, Scenario, Given, When, And, Then “are the Keywords below to understand on how to write a feature file.
What is Feature file in Cucumber test and how to create a feature file.
Feature file is a part of Cucumber framework and it contains descriptions in English language.

Hadoop Big Data quick summary
Hadoop – is a Java based programming framework that supports the processing of large data sets in a distributed computing environment
Hadoop – is based on Google File System (GFS)
Hadoop – uses thousands of nodes this is the key to improve performance.
Hadoop – is a Distributed File System or HDFS, which enables fast data transfer among the nodes.
Hadoop Configuration – has got the three modes of Hadoop configuration – Standalone, pseudo distributed, and fully distributed.
Hadoop MapReduce – Hadoop MapReduce is the core components of Hadoop and is a programming model and helps implementation for processing and generating large data sets, it uses parallel and distributed algorithms on a cluster. it can handle large scale data: petabytes, exabytes.
Mapreduce framework converts each record of input into a key/value pair.
Ubuntu Server – Ubuntu is a leading open-source platform. it helps in utilizing the infrastructure to users when they want to deploy a cloud, a web farm, or a Hadoop cluster.
HadoopDistributed File System (HDFS)- HadoopDistributed File System (HDFS) is a block-structured, distributed file system.
Distributed Cache – Distributed Cache is a Hadoop feature that helps cache files needed by applications.
Pig – is an Apache open-source project and one of the components of the Hadoop eco-system.
Pig – is a high-level data flow scripting language and runs on the Hadoopclusters.
Pig – uses HDFS for storing and retrieving data and Hadoop MapReduce for processing Big Data.
Hive – is a data warehouse system for Hadoop.
Hive – facilitates ad hoc queries and aids analysis of data sets stored in Hadoop.
Hive – provides an SQL like language called HiveQL(HQL)
Apache HBase – is a distributed, column oriented database.
Apache HBase – is built on top of HDFS.
Apache HBase – is an open-source, distributed, versioned, non relational database system.
Apache HBase – has two types of Nodes. 1. Master and 2. Region Server.
Cloudera – is a commercial vendor for deploying Hadoopin an enterprise.
Cloudera – offers ClouderaManager for system management, ClouderaNavigator for data management.
ZooKeeper – is an open source and high performance co ordination service for distributed applications.
Pivotal HD – is a commercially supported, enterprise capable distribution of Hadoop and it aims to accelerate data analytics projects.
Sqoop – Sqoop is an Apache Hadoop ecosystem project. Sqoop’s responsibility is to import or export operations across relational databases.
Apache Oozie – is a workflow scheduler system used to manage Apache Hadoop jobs/MapReduce jobs
Mahout – is library of machine learning algorithams, helps in clustering and Clustering allows the system to group various entities into separate clusters or groups based on certain characteristics or features.
Apache Cassandra – Apache Cassandra is an open source, freely distributed, high-performance, extremely scalable, and fault-tolerant post relational database.
Apache Spark – is a powerfull open source processing engine and general MapReduce like engine used for large-scale data processing.
Apache Ambari – Apache Ambari is a completely open operational tool or framework for provisioning, managing, and monitoring Apache Hadoop clusters.
Kerberos – is a third party authentication mechanism. It has a database of the users/services and their respective Kerberos passwords.

HP LoadRunner – how to use Virtual user generator.
1) Under Windows menu >> HP Software >> Click on Virtual user generator menu to open HP Virtual user generator application (if you already have HP LoadRunner is installed on machine)

2) Select the protocol – refer Snapshot 1 below.
Note 1: if you are not sure about the protocol, use the protocol adviser in the “Virtual user generator” application and scan the application to find out best matching protocols (refer Snapshot 2 below)
Note 2: for web applications usually “Web – HTTP/HTML” is the protocol, you add additional protocols for database e.g ODBC or Oracle.
Snapshot 1

Snapshot 2

3) Click on create button in the above snapshot 2. Enter url as copied below in snapshot 3. Then Click start recording
Snapshot 3

4) Once your application pop us – start doing the business transactions which you wanted to do. You will see recording status is updated as below (adding time – below snapshot 4 shows 2.58 min recording )
Snapshot 4

5) Once the code is developed – HP LoadRunner Controller is used to setup the scenario – refer the Performance best practices to get the flow.
HP LoadRunner – how to use Virtual user generator.
1) Under Windows menu >> HP Software >> Click on Virtual user generator menu to open HP Virtual user generator application (if you already have HP LoadRunner is installed on machine)

Virtual user generator
2) Select the protocol – refer Snapshot 1 below.
Note 1: if you are not sure about the protocol, use the protocol adviser in the “Virtual user generator” application and scan the application to find out best matching protocols (refer Snapshot 2 below)
Note 2: for web applications usually “Web – HTTP/HTML” is the protocol, you add additional protocols for database e.g ODBC or Oracle.
Snapshot 1

Virtual user generator protocol
Snapshot 2
3)

Virtual user generator protocol
Click on create button in the above snapshot
2. Enter url as copied below in snapshot
3. Then Click start recording
Snapshot 3

record settings
4) Once your application pop us – start doing the business transactions which you wanted to do. You will see recording status is updated as below (adding time – below snapshot 4 shows 2.58 min recording )
Snapshot 4

recording
5)      Once the code is developed – HP LoadRunner Controller is used to setup the scenario – refer the Performance best practices to get the flow.
LoadRunner version 12.53
I am yet to try the trial version of LoadRunner 12.53, However I read the following are some of the features shall be available for users
Git integration in VuGen
REST step builder editor in VuGen
64-bit replay support in various Java protocols and C Vuser protocol
New PCoIP remote access protocol
Enhanced SAPUI5 recording in TruClient
HTTP Video Streaming (HTML5, HLS) support
JSON manipulation APIs
Web – HTTP/HTML and Mobile Application – HTTP/HTML protocol unification
Linux load generator improvements
Enhancements to Java-based protocols etc are main features that I would like to try..
Load balancing testing.
Load balancing is a method of balancing the network traffic to make sure network transactions are distributed across all the servers. for e.g if a server fails during heavy applied in them, load balancer will redirect the transactions to remaining servers. Basically Load balance acts as a reverse proxy. During performance testing this feature is tested usually.
Performance testing vs Load testing vs Stress testing vs Endurance testing
1. Performance testing – The main purpose of Performance testing is to arrive the benchmark & baseline of the system behavior (e.g response time) under normal/moderate load. This test will help performance engineer to analyse how does the application behave under normal conditions.
2. Load testing – here load will be constantly and steadily increased over a given period of time. i.e the constant load applied for a constant period of time. For example a load of 100 users are applied for 15 min.
3. Stress test – it is meant to push the system beyond the normal load limits or extreme conditions. This test is to make sure the servers don’t crash or what point it crashes. Stress test will verify the breaking point of the system or how much load, system can withstand.
For example a load of 100 users are applied for 15 min and then 150 users load is applied for next 15 min. then 200 users load is applied for next 15 min. Verify at what point system stopped to respond.
4. Endurance testing – for easy understanding, I would say it is a “Load testing on extended period” to make sure web servers are performing longer period of time. For example a load of 100 users are applied for 48 hours
Note: Once the performance testing is completed successfully, tester can assume the performance requirements are met and he can start load testing. After that Stress testing if required.
Load testing tools in the market are
1) HPE LoadRunner is from Hewlett Packard Enterprise.
2) JMeter – Apache JMeter. It is a Java based performance testing tool works on web communication layer (HTTP)
Loadrunner components
Vuser generator – used for generating Scripts
Controller – used for creating and executing scenarios
Analyzer – used for analyzing results
Performance test analysis can be done real time script execution or post execution
Real time script execution analysis
1)      Performance Engineer needs a coordination with other teams like Database team, app server team, etc to monitor real time performance on Database server, Application server
2)      Database and app server team can let Performance Engineer know the performance results on these servers like resource utilization, fail over server works / load balancing works fine etc.
Post script execution analysis
1)      Verification on Vuser metrics, Vuser errors, can be validated.
2)      Verification Transactions graphs for TPS, response time, hits per second can be reviewed.
For additional details please click on click link load testing vs performance testing vs stress testing
Performance testing best practices and activities.
Performance test analysis.
What is Performance test analysis?
Performance test analysis can be done real time script execution or post execution
Real time script execution analysis
1)      Performance Engineer needs a coordination with other teams like Database team, app server team, etc to monitor real time performance on Database server, Application server
2)      Database and app server team can let Performance Engineer know the performance results on these servers like resource utilization, fail over server works / load balancing works fine etc.
Post script execution analysis
1)      Verification on Vuser metrics, Vuser errors,
2)      Verification Transactions graphs for TPS, response time, hits per second etc.
For additional details please click on click link //shalimatech.com/load-testing-vs-performance-testing-vs-stress-testing/
Performance testing best practices and activities.
As first step, Performance Engineer needs to learn the requirements, performance expectations & system architecture.
Note: To learn the performance requirements & expectations, SME (Subject matter expert ) or production user can help. This information will help to define performance goals and SLAs
Then develop best matching performance test scenarios, approach, define goals (SLAs) & sign off test plan.
Note 1: To identify the right performance test scenarios, SME can give some feedback on about the current performance issues in production / live application that he/she is facing.
Note 2: You can refer another blog of mine on different types of performance scenarios – click link load testing vs performance testing vs stress testing
Now Performance Engineer can developer V– USER scripts and execute the scripts in Controller to generate performance analysis results
Note 1: Apart from delivering performance analysis results, Performance Engineer can coordinate with other team to monitor real time performance on Database server, Application server and also make sure load balancing is working fine while stress testing.
Some of the e.g. when performance testing is needed
for Database upgrade,
Application upgrade,
Or if user complains that application performance is bad – like page response is not meeting his/her expectations.

HP QTP
Basic knowledge required to work on QTP/UFT projects
1.    Basic programming knowledge on VB scripting – just to modify the recorded scripts. QTP/UFT allows record/play back, using that application transactions can be recorded and later modified based on requirements. Need to learn usage of functions. Instead of functions, QTP/UFT inbuilt feature “reusable” actions can be used.
2.    Looping and Parameterization – Parameterization is required to change the already recorded data. Basically the user id, password, input values to be entered in the AUT. To repeat a transaction, looping is used. For looping “For-Next” , “Do-while” etc are used
3.    Object Spy & Object Repository– QTP developer can view the run-time/Application object properties and methods of any object in the application. This is helpful during debug mode and find out Dynamic objects. Object Repository is the place where recorded objects are stored by displaying the object properties and values. QTP developer can do some changes on values – using regular expression as an example to handle Dynamic objects.
4.    Import / Export data sheet – This is used for very basic reporting where coding is done to store AUT values, some error validations and input values in QTP datasheet or already imported spreadsheet.
QTP/UFT related topics
How to do parameterization in UFT/QTP
How to do smart identification in QTP
How to setup Recovery scenario’s in QTP/UFT
Select Case example for QTP script development
X = RandomNumber(1,4)
Select Case X
Case 1
msgbox ” number is 1″
Case 2
msgbox ” number is 2″
Case 3
msgbox ” number is 3″
Case Else
msgbox ” number is 4″
End Select
How to connect Oracle using QTP scripts.
Dim connectionMS, recordsetMS
Set connectionMS = createobject(“adodb.connection”)
Set recordsetMS =createobject(“adodb.recordset”)
connectionMS.open “Driver={Microsoft ODBC for Oracle};Server=QTPWorld; Uid=your_username;Pwd=your_password;”
recordsetMS.open “select * from yourtablename”,connectionMS
databaseValue = recordsetMS.fields.item(0)
msgbox databaseValue
Set connectionMS = nothing
Set recordsetMS = nothing
How to connect sqlserver using QTP scripts.
Dim connectionMS, recordsetMS
Set connectionMS = createobject(“adodb.connection”)
Set recordsetMS =createobject(“adodb.recordset”)
connectionMS.open”Driver={SQL Server};server=YourSqlServer;uid=YourUserName;pwd=YourPassword;database=dbname”
recordsetMS.open “select * from tablename”,connectionMS
databaseValue = recordsetMS.fields.item(0)
msgbox databaseValue
Set connectionMS = nothing
Set recordsetMS = nothing
How to connect MS Access using QTP scripts and display results
Dim connectionMS, recordsetMS
Set connectionMS = createobject(“adodb.connection”)
Set recordsetMS =createobject(“adodb.recordset”)
connectionMS.provider= “microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0”
connectionMS.open “C:\yourdatabase.mdb”
recordsetMS.open “select * from YourtableName”,connectionMS
databaseValue = recordsetMS.fields.item(0)
msgbox databaseValue
Set connectionMS = nothing
Set recordsetMS = nothing
QTP program to display odd and even numbers
‘ program to display odd numbers
Dim OddNum,  o
o = Inputbox(“enter any value to check list of odd numbers in it”)
For OddNum = 1 To o Step 2
print OddNum
Next
‘ program to display even numbers
Dim  EvenNum,  e
e = Inputbox(“enter any value to check list of even numbers in it”)
For EvenNum = 2 To e Step 2
print EvenNum
Next
How to do string reverse in qtp
How to do string reverse in qtp
Dim String1, String2, StringLength, i
String1 = “Happy Valentine’s Day”
StringLength = len(String1)
For i = StringLength To 1 step -1
String2 = String2 & mid(String1, i, 1)
Next
Msgbox String2
String reverse in qtp
Dim String1, String2, StringLength, i
String1 = “Shalima Prakash”
StringLength = len(String1)
For i = StringLength To 1 step -1
String2 = String2 & mid(String1, i, 1)
Next
Msgbox String2

19 regular expression methods in UFT/QTP
1.       Period (.) is used to represent or replace any symbol except new line
2.       Asterisk (*) represents zero or more occurrences
3.       Caret (^) sign instructs beginning of the line
4.       Dollar ($) sign instructs end of line
5.       \b instructs Word boundary
6.       ? instructs zero or more occurrences
7.       + instructs one or more occurrences
8.       {} represents exact number of occurrences
9.       [] represents any character in the set
10.   [^] represents any character NOT in the set
11.   () represents Group
12.   I represents Or
13.   \n represents new line
14.   \W represents any non-Word character
15.   \d is any digit
16.   \D is any non-digit
17.   \s is any white space character
18.   \S is any non- white space character
19.   \ is escape special character
How to setup Recovery scenarios in QTP/UFT
To handle unexpected errors, popup etc , QTP/UFT uses this feature (also when existing code is not designed to handle this issue)
1.       Navigate to Resources > Recovery Scenario Manager

1 Recovery scenarios manager
2. Click on below marked icon. Select the trigger (here is Pop up window)

2 Recovery scenarios trigger
3. Now record the trigger – if required Regular expression can be added. It will add window title automatically.

3 Recovery scenarios trigger config
4. Now select the recovery operation.

4 Recovery scenarios trigger operation
5. After recovery operation go to post recovery operation as copied
below

5 post Recovery scenarios                                                                                    How to do smart identification in QTP
Smart identification is needed when recorded script fails to recognize the application object (it may be due to multiple objects has same properties/values or recorded property value is changed)
Smart identification uses additional 2 set of object identification layers (1. Base filter properties 2. Optional filter properties) apart from regular mandatory, assistive properties.
1.       To get smart identification enabled – navigate Tools > Object identification.
1 object identification
2.       On object identification window – click on configure to add 1. Base filter properties 2. Optional filter properties as shown below.
2 object identification properties                                                            Descriptive programming in UFT
What is Descriptive Programming?
Descriptive programming is a way writing and implementing QTP scripts by avoiding the object repository. Usually Non – Descriptive programming access this object repository, where the required object’s properties and values are stored, and execute the scripts.
While in Descriptive programming, the object properties and values are directly written in the code so no need to access the object repository while script execution time.
For example.
If QTP script needs to close a browser the following descriptive program can be used and it can close any single open browse no matter what is the content or name of the browser.
Browser(“micClass:=Browser”).close
What are the common ways that the Descriptive Programming scripts can be written?
1. Static Descriptive Programming
Here the object properties and values are directly written in the code assuming that we know the expected properties and values.
For example.
If scripts wanted to input user name and password and click ok button to login to an application.
Browser(“micClass:=Browser”).Page(“micClass:=Page”).WebEdit(“type:=text”,”name:=username”).set “– USERNAME”
Browser(“micClass:=Browser”).Page(“micClass:=Page”).WebEdit(“type:=text”,”name:=password”).set “PASSWORD”
Browser(“micClass:=Browser”).Page(“micClass:=Page”).WebButton(“type:=Button”,”name:=Login”).set “LOGIN”
2. Dynamic Descriptive Programming
Here the object properties and values collections are created and used while scrip execution time
‘ this is to declare the object variable
Dim oDesc
‘to create an blank description
Set oDesc = Description.Create
Now assign values to the blank description in “oDesc”
oDesc(“type”).value= “text”
oDesc(“name”).value= “username”
now implement it in code as below
Browser(“micClass:=Browser”).Page(“micClass:=Page”).WebEdit(oDesc).Set “– USERNAME”
Note: Dynamic Descriptive Programming is really helpful when you want to handly an array of objects and child objects.

View source – how to view source code
How to view source code on HTML code using Chrome or Firefox browser.
1) Open browser in Chrome or in Firefox
2) Type “view-source:url “ for e.g view-source:shalimatech.com type in Chrome/Firefox browser, that will show the HTML code .

Selenium features as below
Selenium supports Cross Browser Testing. The Selenium tests can be run on multiple browsers and multiple machines and multiple Operating systems.
Supports several scripting languages like Java, Python, C#, and PHP
Selenium uses Browser native commands. It locates and actions applied on UI elements,
Reporting are very easy and extensible.
TestNG quick summary:
TestNG’s is Selenium + reporting features. It is easy to generate reports using Listeners and Reporters in TestNG
Features of TestNG includes the following,
1)      Annotations – please refer my annotation blogAnnotation – TestNG’s test case priority
2)      Supports parameterization/ data driven testing
3)      Test cases can be grouped and parallel testing is allowed.
Automaton testing using Cucumber – Behavior driven development (BDD)
Application behavior is the main focus on BDD. The requirements are written in English which gives more readability and understandability of the requirement.
So any roles in the company (Tester, developer, end user, and techno functional person) can read it and understand it. Also this will reduce the complication in terms of missing requirement or misrepresenting or misunderstanding requirements between different roles (Developer /tester / end user)
Gherkin is a business readable language – refer below for an example. Below feature file is integrated with Selenium and are having user stories as below.
Please refer below – “feature, Scenario, Given, When, And, Then “are the Keywords below to understand on how to write a feature file.
What is TestRunner in Cucumber
In order to link Cucumber with Selenium WebDriver, you need to start a Java project in eclipse IDE.
Then, add both Cucumber and Selenium jar files
Write test runner code and execute the same .

January 22, 2017February 15, 2021

What is TestRunner in Cucumber

TestRunner is a program used in Cucumber to access Feature file as copied in the picture below.

Feature file is something that has user requirement scenarios written in English which gives more readability and understandability of the requirement which is called Gherkin language.

In order to link Cucumber with Selenium WebDriver, you need to start a Java project in eclipse IDE. Then, add both Cucumber and Selenium jar files

Write test runner code and execute the same . Please refer BDD testing details on Selenium Cucumber

Sample Test runner code:

Selenium short video training

Selenium # 26 Selenium Implicit and Explicit wait

Selenium#25 Selenium Keyboard and Mouse events| keyDown(); keyUp(); sendKeys();doubleClick();

Selenium # 24 Coding example | WebElement | locator type xpath, id | driver. findElement short video

Protractor vs Selenium

Robot framework and Selenium2Library

January 21, 2017June 9, 2020

Automaton testing using Cucumber – Behavior driven development (BDD)

Automation testing using Cucumber – Behavior driven development (BDD)

Application behavior is the main focus on BDD. The requirements are written in English which gives more readability and understandability of the requirement.

Gherkin is a business readable language, refer below for an example. Below feature file is integrated with Selenium and are having user stories as below.

Please refer below – “feature, Scenario, Given, When, And, Then “are the Keywords below to understand on how to write a feature file…

What is Feature file in Cucumber test and how to create a feature file.

Feature file is a part of Cucumber framework and it contains descriptions in English language.

Follow below path to create a feature file

One sample transaction as below:

sample feature file One sample transaction example as below:

sample feature file