Author: Sharath Chandran

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Selenium Tutorial

Selenium and Jenkins

Selenium features as below

 Selenium supports Cross Browser Testing. The Selenium tests can be run on multiple browsers and multiple machines and multiple Operating systems.

Supports several scripting languages like Java, Python, C#, and PHP.

Selenium uses Browser native commands. It locates and actions applied on UI elements,

Reporting are very easy and extensible.

TestNG quick summary:

 TestNG’s is Selenium + reporting features. It is easy to generate reports using Listeners and Reporters in TestNG

 Features of TestNG includes the following,

1)      Annotations – please refer my annotation blog Annotation – TestNG’s test case priority

2)      Supports parameterization/ data driven testing

3)      Test cases can be grouped and parallel testing is allowed.

Automaton testing using Cucumber – Behavior driven development (BDD)

Application behavior is the main focus on BDD. The requirements are written in English which gives more readability and understandability of the requirement.

So any roles in the company (Tester, developer, end user, and techno functional person) can read it and understand it. Also this will reduce the complication in terms of missing requirement or misrepresenting or misunderstanding requirements between different roles (Developer /tester / end user)

Gherkin is a business readable language – refer below for an example. Below feature file is integrated with Selenium and are having user stories as below.

Please refer below – “feature, Scenario, Given, When, And, Then “are the Keywords below to understand on how to write a feature file.

Selenium jenkins integration steps are as below:

Jenkin related steps:
1) start jenkins by running command in DOS prompt (detailed steps in here )
2) then make sure you are able to access url : localhost:8080
3) then you need to configure jenkins to run the selenium scripts – for that click on “Manage Jenkins”
4) then click on Configure systems
5) Find out the jdk files are installed (usually in C:\ program files … folder path) and copy paste the path in JDK section “JDK Installations” in ” Configure systems” which you are already in.
6) Give JDK name “JAVA_HOME” and provide Java path below in the next field.Selenium related steps:
3) Open eclipse IDE and start new Java project
4) make sure you added selenium jars (Selenium server standalone jar file which you can download add to new project) to support selenium framework for your automation testing.
5) then create a simple selenium script – make sure it is running and completing successfully in Eclipse.
6) Also create a xml file give a name “Xml1.xml”  Make sure Run “Xml1.xml” as “TestNG Suite” is working fine in Eclipse. Also notedown the xml file path in selenium project. create a lib folder in that and add all jar files which are required.Commmand prompt:
7) navigate to that project folder in command prompt and set all required classpath like bin and lib etc which are already in xml file folder in selenium project which you got from selenium project in eclipse.
8) then type command “Java org.testng.testNG Xml1.xml” which will display results in command prompt/DOS screen
9) now create a batch file “Batch1.bat” which contains the above command and also a command for compiling as e.g “java -cp bin;lib/* org.testng.testNG Xml1.xml”Jenkins setup to build and run the file:
10) in Jenkins, create a “new item” with selection of “Freestyle project”
11) then select “Advance options” and put the Selenium project home directory path in there.
12) the build trigger section, select Batch file execution option in there, then put the batch file name “Batch1.bat”
13) click and save the new item
14) click on “Build Now” and verify the “Console output”

How to configure Hub & Node machines for selenium parallel test execution
Configuring Hub machine

1) Start the command prompt/DOS prompt

2) Navigate to the folder location where the Selenium server jar file is kept.

3) Type java –jar selenium-server-standalone-[VERSION].jar –role hub

Note: [VERSION] is the one your downloaded version of selenium-server-standalone Jar file.

Your will see the below screen

Selenium Hub
Selenium Hub

4) Now type: http://localhost:4444 in browser

Your will see the below screen

5) Now type: http://localhost:4444/console in browser

You will see the below screen

Console

Configuring Node machines

Follow the same steps 1 to 2 in node machines

Then type,

Java –jar selenium-server-standalone-[VERSION].jar –role node –hub http://yourHUBmachineIP:4444/grid/register

Selenium Node

What is TestRunner in Cucumber

In order to link Cucumber with Selenium WebDriver, you need to start a Java project in eclipse IDE.

Then, add both Cucumber and Selenium jar files

Write test runner code and execute the same . Please refer BDD testing details on Selenium Cucumber

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What is Pester

What is Pester Unit testing framework ?

Pester is a Unit testing framework for Powershell development. Pester can be downloaded from Github project and imported to Powershell as a module. 
Pester uses a bunch of keywords and assertions to evaluate the code quality.Developer could follow TDD approach which is Test driven Development where Developers first write the test based on requirement and then write the development code. Initially test fails and then development code correction done to make the unit test pass.

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What is Findfailed exception in Sikuli

What is Sikul and Findfailed error in Sikuli ?

Sikuli is a GUI automation tool or library that uses images of the object to be automated from any given screen.
So these images are manually pre captured and stored in Sikuli automation framework if you are coding using Eclipse Java for Sikuli implementation.
After capturing the screen images, if you change windows screen resolution, Sikuli may give exceptions while execution and that error will be FindFailed exception. These exceptions will be displayed in error log or console of your IDE.

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Sikuli Overview

Sikuli is a Desktop Automation library. This library “sikulixapi.jar” can be imported to any Java Selenium project to automate any desktop app or popup.
Sikuli uses “Screen” Class and it has lots of methods to support GUI interactions.E.g. Screen s = new Screen();s.click(“imageOfButton.png”);Note: Store imageOfButton.png at java root project folder.
Similarly you could do type, doubleClick, find etc methods provided by Screen class.
Sikuli automation is very simple and can be used to replace many day today tasks on outlook, windows software center installation. With that said sikuli can replace some of the robotic process automation done by many tools like Automation Anywhere, UiPath etc.

What is Sikuli Screen, Region, Pattern ?

Sikuli Screen is a class that has lots methods like click, double click, find etc to interact desktop GUI images.

Region class is to target a rectangular area location on GUI using x,y coordinates and width and height to locate the rectangular area.

Pattern class used for image level scanning support

Sikuli Architecture:

Sikuli scripts have Java library that takes care of mouse and keyboard actions using java.awt.Robot. Apart from this, Sikuli using OpenCV library which is C++ engine connected to Java via JNI. OpenCV is a computer Vision and machine learning library used for image recognition.

What is JNI

JNI is Java Native interface, it is java programming interface used to bridge the Java and other non java programming language like C, C++ application/programming frameworks

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Angular Overview

  • Angular Overview
  • Angular Setup – build your first project !
  • TypeScript Overview (coming soon)
  • Data binding
    • Event binding
    • Two way data binding
    • Interpolation
    • Property binding
  • First TypeScript Program
  • Variable Declaration
  • Type Assetions
  • Arrow Functions
  • Interfaces
  • Classes
  • Objects
  • Properties
  • Modules
  • Constructors
  • Access Modifiers

Angular Overview

Angular development framework is introduced by Google and currently millions of developers are using it. Releases started with AngularJs and then Angular2 , Angular4 and going on.AngularJS to Angular2 is major change.
Native support of Typescript from Microsoft make coding faster and maintainable. Native support from testing tools like Karma and Protractor making this as number 1 choice for dynamic web app automation.

What is NgModules in Angular?

NgModules are Angular class from Angular/core and helps to build modules in Angular application development.

For e.g. you wanted to develop a complex application where many modules are needed for easy implementation. Each module acts like mini application like cart module, creditCard module, etc.

so NgModules combines browser modules, other modules that you develop, decoration, bootstrap etc.

NgModules has declration , import, providers, bootstrap arrays.

Angular Setup

  1. install latest nodejs from nodejs.org
  2. Go to git bash/powershell ISE/CMD
  3. type following commands,
  4. install Angular : npm install -g @angular/cli
  5. ng new my-newweb-app
  6. ng g c myFirstModule (optional)
  7. go to project folder ” my-newweb-app ” via commandline itself
  8. type ng serve -o

Data Binding

Data binding makes the angular applications development very easy.

Data binding helps to do the data synchronization between the template(view/html) and class(typescript code)

There are 4 types of data binding in Angular and are following,

  • Event binding
  • Two way data binding
  • Interpolation
  • Property binding

What is Interpolation?

For interpolation, double curly braces are used in the template as below,

// app.html is the example for interpolation

<p>{{ name }}</p>

and it stores the variables, then angular checks for the variable and updates the value assigned to the text.

The Typescript app.ts as below to display the name value to app.html.

// app.ts

@Component({
  templateUrl: 'app.html',
  selector: 'app-test',
})
export class AppComponent {
  name = 'Sharath C';
}

What is Property binding?

Property binding helps to set the property of a view element and it uses [] syntax as below

// app.html is the simple for the property binding.

<button [disabled]="buttonIsDisabled"></button>

TypeScript has to be coded as below to pass the property binding to view template. refer the app.ts as example for Typescript passing the property value

// app.ts
@Component({
  templateUrl: 'app.html',
  selector: 'app-test',
})
export class Component {
  buttonIsDisabled = true;
}

Building Angular Data Visualization using ngx-charts

ngx-charts is an open-source, declarative charting framework for Angular projects to build very simplified yet powerful reporting.

Angular will do all rendering and ngx-charts module supports different chart types like bar charts, pie charts, line charts, heatmap, treemap etc, altogether this combo will be useful for any Angular Data visualization projects.

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What is Protractor testing framework

Protractor is a test framework mainly intended for Angular and AngularJS applications.

During Protractor execution you no longer need to add waits specifically to wait for your next test. Protractor can automatically execute the next step in your test the moment the webpage finishes pending transaction.

Protractor expected condition setting code sample below:

var expectedCondition = protractor.ExpectedConditions; var elementOne = element(by.id(‘UserId’)); browser.wait(expectedCondition.presenceOf(elementOne), 10000); expect(elememtOne.isPresent()).toBeTruthy();

Protractor vs Selenium

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Protractor vs Selenium

Protractor is a test framework mainly intended for Angular and AngularJS applications. Where as Selenium is developed for any Web Browser Automation. 

During Protractor execution you no longer need to add waits specifically to wait for your next test. Protractor can automatically execute the next step in your test the moment the webpage finishes pending transaction, but in selenium webpage sync has to be coded.

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What is Julia

Julia is a programming language suited for Machine Learning. Julia has got lot of advantages compared to Python when it comes to Machine learning. 
Julia is compiled at run time and it uses Just in Time compiler and it is fast compiling.  Julia’s multiple dispatch very is fast and polymorphic dispatch allows for applying function definitions as properties of a struct.
Julia is specifically made for ML and statistics. Also if you check linear algebra,  Julia out performs than Python. For math related operations,  Julia works like R programming language and shows better performance than Python.

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What is Selenoid

What is Selenoid ?

Selenoid is an alternative solution for Parallel Selenium test execution when you are not looking for Selenium Grid or Docker selenium.

Like the way Docker selenium out perform over selenium grid, Selenoid also has the advantage over selenium grid being dockerized.

Selenoid has successful implementation of docker containers to kick start browser tests. It provides fresh environment for each test.

In selenoid tests, containes starts with test and getting removed with test execution ends. This gives good performance for this design.

as first step of configuration , you may need to install docker and run selenoid on docker containers. Selenoid-ui is used to track test execution gui mode.